After the restoration of the English monarchy in 1660, Protestants worried that King Charles II might favour religious freedom for Roman Catholics, and many suspected that the king was unduly influenced by his Catholic mistresses. Nell Gwyn, actress and royal mistress, stood apart by virtue of her Protestant loyalty. In 1681, Gwyn, her carriage surrounded by an angry anti-Catholic mob, famously declared 'I am the protestant whore.' Her self-branding invites an investigation into the alignment between sex and politics during this period, and in this study, Alison Conway relates courtesan narrative to cultural and religious anxieties.

In new readings of canonical works by Aphra Behn, Daniel Defoe, Henry Fielding, and Samuel Richardson, Conway argues that authors engaged the same questions about identity, nation, authority, literature, and politics as those pursued by Restoration polemicists. Her study reveals the recurring connection between sexual impropriety and religious heterodoxy in Restoration thought, and Nell Gwyn, writ large as the nation's Protestant Whore, is shown to be a significant figure of sexual, political, and religious controversy.

Alison Conway (KELOWNA, BC) is Associate Dean of Research, Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies in the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences at the University of British Columbia, Okanagan. She is the author of Private Interests: Women, Portraiture, and the Visual Culture of the English Novel, 1709-1791 and The Protestant Whore: Courtesan Narrative and Religious Controversy in England, 1680-1750.

Alison Conway's profile page

'Conway examines early English novels with the intent to uncover the "dangers and delights of Restoration culture" through the courtesan politics of sex after the 1660 restoration of English monarchy ... Conway sheds new light on this period and the women who affected courtesan politics and sparked anxiety amongst the masses.'

<em>Book News</em>, August 2010 (25:3)

'[Conway] provides detailed readings of novels by Aphra Behn, Daniel Defoe, Samuel Richardson, and Henry Fielding in context with contemporary narratives on the reception of royal mistresses. The result is a fresh look at the ways in which notions of whoredom were invoked during this period to illustrate crises of cultural conscience and to critique government ... On the whole, Conway takes what on the surface seems a rather simple concept, that of the Protestant whore, and elegantly unravels the political and religious discourses embedded within this figure in these novels.'

Julie D. Campbell, <em>Times Higher Education</em>, 5 August 2010