We continue our conversation with this year’s English-language Governor General’s award winners with our chat with Lazer Lederhendler. Lazer won his second Governor General’s Award for his translation of Catherine Leroux’s novel The Party Wall.

“In The Party Wall, his masterly translation of Catherine Leroux’s Le mur mitoyen,” writes the jury, “Lazer Lederhendler deftly captures the spirit, meaning, and emotional punch of the French text. Writing with grace and imagination, he creates a compelling work of art while serving and respecting the original.”

Lazer Lederhendler is a full-time translator based in Montreal and specializing in contemporary Québécois fiction and nonfiction. His translations have earned him many distinctions including the Governor General’s Literary Award and the Cole Prize for Translation of the Quebec Writers’ Federation. His work has helped acquaint English-language readers with a new cohort of talented, innovative writers, such as Nicholas Dickner, Alain Farah, Perrine Leblanc, and Catherine Leroux.

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THE CHAT WITH LAZER LEDERHENDLER

You’ve had multiple Governor General’s award nominations for translation, and this is your second win. How does winning this one feel?

It feels gratifying, reassuring, timely. Demanding, too, because of the mainstream and social media attention. Also, there’s a feeling of a kind of symmetry: My 2008 GG was for Nicolas Dickner’s Nikolski, whose publisher Antoine Tanguy (Alto) is also Catherine Leroux’s publisher; I suspect some interesting parallels could be drawn between these two very different writers.

Can you share one or two of the particular challenges you encountered translating Catherine Leroux’s superb novel The Party Wall?

It is indeed a superb novel. Among the things that make it so are the complex connections—through time, genealogy, coincidence—linking the four pairs of characters whose stories are braided together like narrative Mobius strips. It was crucial for me to understand those mysterious connections, the unusual structure, so as not to go astray.

Another issue was stylistic. The Party Wall is epic, even mythic in scope; there are moments of high drama and violence, in the tradition of Greek tragedy, so there was the risk of overdoing certain passages and slipping into a melodramatic register.

What do you feel is the key to an exceptional translation? Are there particular mentors or giants in the field you’ve learned from over the years?

It’s more like a set of keys, rather than just one. Aside from the basic need to do justice to the original, what I look for in a translation is good style, which involves liveliness, musicality, energy, inventiveness, a rich lexical palette, syntax that is both supple and muscular, originality. I look for the signs of creative freedom exercised within the restraints of the original work.

I have had many teachers, in the broad sense of the word. A few that come to mind are John Berger, Michael Hofmann, Peter Bush, Katherine Silver, Jean-Antonin Billard.

I asked this to Catherine in our interview, but I’m interested in your thoughts as well. Why is it important for English Canadians to read the translated work of French Canadian writers, and how can this be encouraged?

I don’t think the question should be restricted to the Canadian situation. There is only a limited number of ways for a human being to understand what it means to be someone else living in a different place—which may be another country or region or even the house next door—or in a different time, and experiencing the world through a different language. Literature is one of those ways. And to gain access to literary works other than those written in your native tongue you can do one of three things: learn various languages, read translations, or both. If you don’t do any of the foregoing you are probably not interested in understanding people different from yourself. Anyone who keeps up with the news can see the disastrous results of such an outlook on life.

How to encourage people to read literature in translation? Inoculate people from an early age against the received prejudices regarding translation (“poetry is what gets lost in translation,” traduttore traditore, etc.) by, among other things, pointing out that if not for translation, fundamental works—e.g., Homer, Virgil, the Bible, the Mahabharata—would be truly lost for most of us. Educators, critics, and reviewers have a crucial role to play in this regard.

49thShelf.com is built around a large community of readers and fans who love great CanLit. What Canadian authors are you reading these days? Any recommendations?

I must admit that most of my readings these days have been translations of German-language writers (most of them long dead). When it comes to Canadian writers, I’ve been reading or re-reading Mordecai Richler, who, in addition to being a free spirit and a great satirist and storyteller, was a consummate stylist. On the contemporary scene, I like the work of Rawi Hage and the poets Erin Mouré and Kaie Kellough, to name just a few.

   
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Excerpt from The Party Wall

Weeds

(Monette and Angie)

The twisting wind wraps itself around Angie’s ankles, a ground-level wave that takes her by surprise. The wind, as a rule, does not linger at people’s feet. Except the strong, low wind produced by a passing train. As if to trip you up. She looks down to examine her shins, her knock-knees. The children she knows are simply thin, or else they are chubby, plump, fleshy. Angie is nine years old and as gnarled as a crone. She resembles the pine trees growing on mountaintops. The shape of her fingers and toes is complicated, and her elbows protrude from the middle of her spindly arms, two black pearls mounted on taut wires. She dreads the day her breasts will appear, convinced as she is that they will emerge, not like the pretty apples flaunted by the girls in junior high, but like two angular bumps, two angry fists pounding their way through her chest.

Inside, Monette is still negotiating with her sandals. Though perfectly capable of putting them on, she takes an inordinate amount of time to fasten the straps because even the slightest misalignment of the Velcro strips is intolerable to her. She attaches them, detaches them, repositions the hook side over the loop side with the concentration of a Tibetan monk, inspects her work, finds it wanting, and starts over. Under the silky rays of the sun, Angie does not lose patience. While waiting for her little sister, she contemplates the languid swaying of the willow, their tree, the biggest one on the street.

Mam told them, “It’s nice out. Go for a walk!” She will use the time to swab down the house, a house so old and memory-laden that cleaning it is well-nigh impossible. Still, come May, Mam scrubs everything, including the wooden floors made porous by the floodwaters and the windows turned chalky from being permanently fogged-up.

Monette finally comes out into the bright daylight, blinks and wipes a tear from the corner of her eye. Though dazzled, she manages to find her sister’s hand. As usual, she twitches at the touch of the callused palm, which reminds her of the rough side of Velcro, but the next instant her own skin nestles in it as if it were the comforting cloth of an old woollen blanket. Together, they walk down the four cracked concrete steps. The crack in the second-to-last stair looks like a dragon. She avoids treading on it. The pavement leading to the sidewalk is also broken and has weeds sprouting in the gaps. Mam does not pull them out and has taught her daughters to respect these humble shoots. “There’s no such thing as weeds. That’s just a name for some flowers thought up by racist gardeners.” Monette ruffles their petals with a caress.

As always, the moment they reach the street they instantly leave behind the world of home. Yet no fence separates the front yard from the avenue. There is, however, an invisible barrier that makes it possible to be completely oblivious of what transpires on the other side and that hides the house from strangers, Angie hopes. Two boys go by dribbling a basketball. They wear loose-fitting t-shirts and their skin is coated with a fine mist. Their voices are loud and they spout obscenities. Angie covers her younger sister’s ears. Monette has heard far worse, but Angie believes in the gesture of covering her ears, in the intention behind it. Once they’ve let the teenagers pass, Angie motions with her chin in the direction they’re to walk: south. Before starting out, Monette looks down, examines her sandals, hesitating momentarily. Then she sets off, her pudgy little hand welded to her sister’s.

The street is divided in such a lopsided way that it seems about to keel over, like a boat in which the passengers have all gathered on the same side. The houses on the eastern side are narrow and dilapidated, and the paint on most of them is peeling off in delicate white plumes; across the street, they are massive, stately, adorned with a complex arrangement of balconies and bay windows. Mam claims the railroad is the reason the east side of the block has such modest dwellings. No one well-off wants to move there, right beside the tracks. But surely, Angie says to herself, the residents across the way must also hear the whistle and the inhuman squealing of the train.

As usual, Monette pulls Angie by the hand to cross the road and walk past the luxurious homes, but her sister rarely gives in. The small houses remind Angie of her own; she seems to know them by name, and their windows, though cracked, watch the girls benevolently as they go by. By staying on this side, Angie feels she is restoring balance and keeping the neighbourhood from capsizing.

At the fifth intersection, the row of posh-looking residences tumbles over a wide cross street and gets dispersed in a middle-class district. The area, according to Mam, was developed years ago in the hope of attracting prosperous Black families. Today it’s almost deserted. Monette and Angie continue along a sparsely populated stretch of road riddled with vacant lots where the grasses reach dizzying heights and hide the crouching cats and opossums gnawing at their meagre prey.

They walk past a wrecking yard; recognizing the place, Monette starts to hop up and down and sets the heavy braids Angie had plaited that very morning dancing around her head. They come to a shack painted pink that exudes a warm odour of manure. Monette’s hand grows damp with excitement; she gives her sister a pleading look that is answered with an approving nod, at which she loosens her grip. Monette dashes ahead.

The enclosure looks empty, and Angie is afraid the child will throw a fit, but for now she shows no signs of discouragement. Monette resolutely tears little fistfuls of grass and dandelions out of the ditch and comes back to jiggle them between the slats in the fence while emitting sharp, amazingly precise sounds through her clumsy lips. A shape stirs in the shadows, and Angie’s heart inconspicuously leaps into her mouth. The swayback pony obediently steps forward. As always, Angie is overcome by a strange sensation at the sight of this horse, perpetually small, yet so old, so weary.

The animal chews tamely on the proffered snack, then Angie lifts up Monette so she can stroke—ever so lightly—its peeled muzzle, its scrawny croup, its ragged coat. From the back of the pink shed, a man wearing a flawless moustache appears and, beaming with pride, greets them. Old Craig is fond of his filly.

“What’s the horse’s name?”

“She’s not a horse, she’s a pony. Her name is Belle,” Craig replies patiently.

“How old is she?”

“Thirty-nine years old.”

Monette solemnly nods her head and stores the information in a place where it can slumber until something can make better sense of it. The old man enters the paddock and, pulling on the halter, leads the animal back toward the shed.

“She has to rest now. She’s working this afternoon,” Craig says, pointing to the junk wagon that he has been driving through the streets of Savannah for decades.

The little girl reluctantly lets the animal move away and returns to the sidewalk, where she once again takes her older sister’s callused hand. Angie and Belle resemble each other, but Monette does not understand why. Overhead, a military jet cuts through the sky and the droning of the cicadas. Having taken off from the nearby base, it streaks toward an unintelligible country where death is not content merely to lurk in the tall grass of vacant lots.

Excerpted from THE PARTY WALL. Copyright © Catherine Leroux, 2013. Translation copyright © Lazer Lederhendler, 2016. Excerpted by permission of Biblioasis international translation series. All rights reserved. No part of this excerpt may be reproduced or reprinted without permission in writing from the publisher.

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Read our interviews with other GG's winners Steven Heighton, Madeleine Thien, Colleen Murphy, and Bill Waiser!