RODNEY A. CLIFTON studied to become a teacher at the University of Alberta, and in his first year he enrolled in a Cross-Cultural Education program preparing teachers for work on Indian Reserves. now known as First Nations. After completing a Ph.D. at the University of Toronto and a Fil.Dr. at the University of Stockholm, he taught for six years at Memorial University, and for 32 years at the University of Manitoba.Throughout his academic career. he has had an interest in the education of Indigenous children and residential schools.